Administrative and Leadership Theories

ACTION-BASED CONCEPT


1.
Specialization, division of work, path of authority, and chain of command are all important elements of management.


2.
Maximizing output and efficiency and minimizing strain and waste are important elements of management.

3.
Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting are important elements of management.

4.
Management gets things done through people, and efforts to improve the working environment and worker satisfaction usually increase productivity.

5.
No one theory will fit all situations. Managers must understand the particular circumstances and utilize appropriate elements of each major theory while maintaining flexibility.

6.
Management is action-oriented, and managers need lots of energy, the ability to be decisive, and the ability to cope with stress.

7.
Extensive reading and informal communication are needed by managers, yet finding the time to read and communicate informally is often the most difficult task.

8.
Leadership implies change and involves management of planned change. High-level managers will also have leadership responsibilities, and leaders often have management responsibilities.

9.
Leaders innovate, inspire trust, make long-range plans, and motivate people to change.

10.
Managers devote their time to solving personnel problems, financial problems, and legal problems, whereas leaders plan and manage change.


Source: http://www.jbpub.com/samples/0763742376/42376_CH02_011_026.pdf